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The Book in PDF

Black & White Edition in U.S.A
Arctic Heats Up.
Spitsbergen 1919 to 1939

Colored Edition in Europe
How Spitsbergen Heats the World
The Arctic Warming 1919-1939
ISBN: 978-1-4401-4087-7 ISBN 978-3-8370-9524-1
Ca.116 pages and 100 b/w figures. More details in right column. Ca. 116 pages and 100 color figures. Details see column.
 

The list refer to papers since 2007.
For earlier papers (1992 to 2006)
see: www.oceanclimate.de

Climate Change since the mid 20th Centrury July 2008; ca. 12 pages
A Large-Scale Experiment with Climate - The Extreme Winter of 1939/40 and Climate Research -
Europe suddenly experienced its coldest winter in more than 100 years. Since the 19th century, winters had become successively milder. "The present century has been marked by such a widespread tendency towards mild winters that the 'old-fashioned winters', of which one had heard so much, seemed to have gone for ever. The sudden arrival at the end of 1939 of what was to be the beginning of a series of cold winters was therefore all the more surprising," reported the British scientist A. J. Drummond in the QJoR Met. Society as early as 1943. But neither he nor climate researchers in general went searching for the cause. This article explores the possible reasons.
Further information:

Maritime Policy May 2008; ca. 10 pages
"Ocean Governance" - A subject the maritime industry should pay attention to? -
The paper aims at presenting the novel issue 'ocean governance' concerning its background, basics, current situation, and future impact that shall lead to a consideration what position, or part the maritime industry should envisage to play. As 'ocean governance' implies for a comprehensive involvement of all sectors of society, education and capacity building, the maritime industry can continue doing business as usually, or to strive being an active, if not leading part in this field, whereby the traditional maritime training institutions should be the spear head, based on the demands and support by the maritime industry.
Further information:

  • Presented at: 1st International Ship-Port-Interface Conference - ISPIC 2008 - 19-21 May 2008, Bremen.
  • Published in: W. Wittig; Prieser C., ed; "The Human Element at the Ship/Port Interface", 2008, Kiel, pp. 63-77.
Related material:

Arctic Climate July 2007; ca. 10 pages
Can the "Big Warming" at Spitsbergen from 1918 to 1940 be explained?
The paper demonstrates that the location and the timing of the first observed arctic warming in the early 20th Century can be identified with high precision. We will prove that the warming phenomenon started at Spitsbergen and, even more, that it started within a very short time frame of only a few months, in 1918. Therefore, the most dramatic air temperature increase was recorded in the winter of 1918/19 and lasted in force only until ca. 1922. Over a very short period of time, from the winter of 1915/16 to the winter of 1921/22, winter temperatures had risen by about 10ºC, never coming back to pre 1918/19 level, but increasing at a lower level until ca. 1940.
Further information:

  • Presented at: PACON 2007, 20th Conference: Ocean Observing Systems and Marine Environment Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007.
  • Published: PACON 2007 Proceedings, Honolulu, Hawaii. PACON International,. CD-ROM.; Pages: 325-337.
Related material:

 

Book details

U.S.A. Edition in B/W


Europe Edition in Color

Access to previous Material

Access to related sites

Recent papers since 2007

20th PACON Conf. 2007
"CAN THE "BIG WARMING" AT SPITSBERGEN
FROM 1918 to 1940 BE EXPLAINED?"

CD-ROM. Pages: 325-337.
DOC PDF

Conf. Paper with Figures
In English
» DOC » PDF
In French
» PDF » HTML
In Russian
» PDF » HTML
In Polish
» PDF » HTML
In German
» PDF » HTML

General Material

Annex B I - Colored Sea Ice 1910-1919
Annex F - Air Temp.(Jan - Feb) 1912-1930; North Atlantic Region.
Annex G - Annual Mean Temperatures from app. 1880-1947 in the Northern Atlantic Region.